Seven major sediment centers were recognized based on the Total Sediment Thickness of the World’s Oceans and Marginal Seas (NCEI, NOAA), integrated with the research on the passive margin basins, oceanic plateaus, main transform faults. It could be revealed that the western and the northern parts of the South Atlantic Ocean have much thicker sedimentary than the eastern and the southern parts. The nature of sedimentary and tectonic of the passive continental margin and passive continental margin basins were discussed in four segments of South Atlantic Ocean Margin: equatorial segment, central segment, southern segment and Falkland segment. The Equatorial segment was controlled by large transform faults, where the Triassic salt layer developed. The Aptian salt layer was found in the Central segment, which was the key area of oil and gas exploration. Volcanism deeply influenced the Southern segment with the Seaward Dipping Reflectors.
